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Heuristics: Difference between revisions
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A heuristic is a mental shortcut intended by evolution to lower the usage of brain power whilst still achieving the same approximate result. | A heuristic is a mental shortcut intended by evolution to lower the usage of brain power whilst still achieving the same approximate result. | ||
== Anchoring == | |||
A famous and very common heuristic is called the ‘Anchoring effect’. This suggests that the first piece of information we get is weighed much more heavily in our decision making process than subsequent pieces of information – regardless of their actual relative importance. You might know this as ‘first impressions’. | |||
== Availability == | == Availability == | ||
[[File:Availability heuristic.jpg|alt=Availability heuristic|thumb|Things that are easier to remember become mor e important.]] | [[File:Availability heuristic.jpg|alt=Availability heuristic|thumb|Things that are easier to remember become mor e important.]] | ||
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== Affect == | == Affect == | ||
The affect heuristic involves making choices that are influenced by the emotions that an individual is experiencing at that moment. For example, research has shown that people are more likely to see decisions as having benefits and lower risks when they are in a positive mood. Negative emotions, on the other hand, lead people to focus on the potential downsides of a decision rather than the possible benefits.4 | The affect heuristic involves making choices that are influenced by the emotions that an individual is experiencing at that moment. For example, research has shown that people are more likely to see decisions as having benefits and lower risks when they are in a positive mood. Negative emotions, on the other hand, lead people to focus on the potential downsides of a decision rather than the possible benefits.4 | ||