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Psychedelics: Difference between revisions
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== Long Term Effects == | == Long Term Effects == | ||
[[File:Psychedelics relative harm.jpg|alt=Economist relative harm|thumb|'''Figure 3'''. Relative harm of drugs<ref>'''Drug harms in the UK''': a multicriteria decision analysis Prof David J Nutt, FMedSci, Leslie A King, PhD, Lawrence D Phillips, PhD on behalf of the Independent Scientific Committee on Drugs Published:November 01, 2010. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61462-6</ref>.]] | [[File:Psychedelics relative harm.jpg|alt=Economist relative harm|thumb|'''Figure 3'''. Relative harm of drugs<ref>'''Drug harms in the UK''': a multicriteria decision analysis Prof David J Nutt, FMedSci, Leslie A King, PhD, Lawrence D Phillips, PhD on behalf of the Independent Scientific Committee on Drugs Published:November 01, 2010. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61462-6</ref>.]] | ||
It has been shown that some personality traits (e.g., neuroticism) will negatively influence the long term outcomes<ref>'''Quality of Acute Psychedelic Experience Predicts Therapeutic Efficacy of Psilocybin for Treatment-Resistant Depression'''. Roseman L, Nutt DJ, Carhart-Harris RL. Front Pharmacol. 2018 Jan 17;8:974. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00974. PMID: 29387009; PMCID: PMC5776504.</ref>, while others (e.g., surrendering) positively influence it<ref>'''Predicting Responses to Psychedelics''': A Prospective Study. Front. Pharmacol., 02 November 2018 | |||
Sec. Neuropharmacology. Volume 9 - 2018 | [https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2018.00897/full https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2018.00897]</ref>. However, overall, relative to almost all other drugs (See '''Figure 3''') the risk associated with their use is minimal. In a clinical sense, under specific [[priming]], [[setting]] and [[integration]] there is abundant evidence for the safety and efficacy. for their use in the treatment of conditions such as: | |||
* '''[[Depression]]''' - multiple meta-analyses results suggest that psychedelic-assisted therapy reduces [[MADRS]] with minimal [[Adverse Psychedelic Effects|adverse effects]]<ref>'''Classic serotonergic psychedelics for mood and depressive symptoms: a meta-analysis of mood disorder patients and healthy participants'''. Nicole L. Galvão-Coelho, Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2021; 238(2): 341–354. Published online 2021 Jan 11. doi: 10.1007/s00213-020-05719-1. Accessed on 16th September 2022 via https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7826317/pdf/213_2020_Article_5719.pdf</ref><ref>'''''A Meta-Analysis of Placebo-Controlled Trials of Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy'''. Luoma, J. B., Chwyl, C., Bathje, G. J., Davis, A. K., & Lancelotta, R. (2020). Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 1–11.'' doi:10.1080/02791072.2020.1769878. Accessed on 16th September 2022 via: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32529966/ </ref>, relative to a comparable meta analysis of the effects of 21 traditional antidepressant drugs<ref>'''Comparative efficacy and acceptability of 21 antidepressant drugs for the acute treatment of adults with major depressive disorder: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.''' Andrea Cipriani, MD. Published in the Lancet. February 21, 2018 DOI:<nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32802-7</nowiki></ref>. | * '''[[Depression]]''' - multiple meta-analyses results suggest that psychedelic-assisted therapy reduces [[MADRS]] with minimal [[Adverse Psychedelic Effects|adverse effects]]<ref>'''Classic serotonergic psychedelics for mood and depressive symptoms: a meta-analysis of mood disorder patients and healthy participants'''. Nicole L. Galvão-Coelho, Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2021; 238(2): 341–354. Published online 2021 Jan 11. doi: 10.1007/s00213-020-05719-1. Accessed on 16th September 2022 via https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7826317/pdf/213_2020_Article_5719.pdf</ref><ref>'''''A Meta-Analysis of Placebo-Controlled Trials of Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy'''. Luoma, J. B., Chwyl, C., Bathje, G. J., Davis, A. K., & Lancelotta, R. (2020). Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 1–11.'' doi:10.1080/02791072.2020.1769878. Accessed on 16th September 2022 via: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32529966/ </ref>, relative to a comparable meta analysis of the effects of 21 traditional antidepressant drugs<ref>'''Comparative efficacy and acceptability of 21 antidepressant drugs for the acute treatment of adults with major depressive disorder: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.''' Andrea Cipriani, MD. Published in the Lancet. February 21, 2018 DOI:<nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32802-7</nowiki></ref>. | ||