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Pivotal Mental States: Difference between revisions
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'''Pivotal mental states ( | '''Pivotal mental states (PiMS) are states of mind created by profound psychological events which shift modes of general thought patterns. PiMS serve an important evolutionary function, that is, to aid psychological transformation when actual or perceived environmental pressures demand this'''<ref>Brouwer A, Carhart-Harris RL. Pivotal mental states. ''Journal of Psychopharmacology''. 2021;35(4):319-352. doi:10.1177/0269881120959637</ref>'''. In nature, PiMS are primed by chronic stress and neurotic traits, whereas acute stress can be a trigger. PiMS can also be induced by certain medicines and experiences, evidence for which is presented below.''' | ||
PiMS induce [[Neuroplasticity|neuroplastic]] states which given the correct [[priming]], [[setting]] and [[matrix]] guidance allows for the ability to eliminate unwanted thought patterns and the strengthening of wanted thought patterns. | |||
== | == Chemically induced PiMS == | ||
[[File:Pivotal mental states induced by psychedelics.png|alt=Pivotal mental states induced by psychedelics|thumb|'''Figure 1'''. Pivotal mental states induced by psychedelics<ref>Kolp, E., Friedman, H. L., Krupitsky, E., Jansen, K., Sylvester, M., Young, M. S., & Kolp, A. (2014). Ketamine psychedelic psychotherapy: Focus on its pharmacology, phenomenology, and clinical applications. ''International Journal of Transpersonal Studies, 33''(2), 84–140.</ref>.]] | [[File:Pivotal mental states induced by psychedelics.png|alt=Pivotal mental states induced by psychedelics|thumb|'''Figure 1'''. Pivotal mental states induced by psychedelics<ref>Kolp, E., Friedman, H. L., Krupitsky, E., Jansen, K., Sylvester, M., Young, M. S., & Kolp, A. (2014). Ketamine psychedelic psychotherapy: Focus on its pharmacology, phenomenology, and clinical applications. ''International Journal of Transpersonal Studies, 33''(2), 84–140.</ref>.]] | ||
The quickest way to induce a PiMs is by the use of certain chemicals. | |||
=== Psychedelics === | |||
[[Psychedelics]] are chemicals that when administered correctly can safely<ref>Adverse effects of psychedelics: From anecdotes and misinformation to systematic science. Anne K Schlag, Jacob Aday, Iram Salam. First Published February 2, 2022. [https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/02698811211069100 https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811211069100]</ref> shift normal thought patterns<ref>Kettner H, Gandy S, Haijen ECHM, Carhart-Harris RL. From Egoism to Ecoism: Psychedelics Increase Nature Relatedness in a State-Mediated and Context-Dependent Manner. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Dec 16;16(24):5147. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16245147. PMID: 31888300; PMCID: PMC6949937.</ref> (see '''Figure 1'''). This is achieved by causing brain function to be less constrained than usual by modulating the presence or absence of underlying anatomical connections<ref>Andrea I. Luppi, Robin L. Carhart-Harris, Leor Roseman, Ioannis Pappas, David K. Menon, Emmanuel A. Stamatakis, LSD alters dynamic integration and segregation in the human brain, | [[Psychedelics]] are chemicals that when administered correctly can safely<ref>Adverse effects of psychedelics: From anecdotes and misinformation to systematic science. Anne K Schlag, Jacob Aday, Iram Salam. First Published February 2, 2022. [https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/02698811211069100 https://doi.org/10.1177/02698811211069100]</ref> shift normal thought patterns<ref>Kettner H, Gandy S, Haijen ECHM, Carhart-Harris RL. From Egoism to Ecoism: Psychedelics Increase Nature Relatedness in a State-Mediated and Context-Dependent Manner. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Dec 16;16(24):5147. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16245147. PMID: 31888300; PMCID: PMC6949937.</ref> (see '''Figure 1'''). This is achieved by causing brain function to be less constrained than usual by modulating the presence or absence of underlying anatomical connections<ref>Andrea I. Luppi, Robin L. Carhart-Harris, Leor Roseman, Ioannis Pappas, David K. Menon, Emmanuel A. Stamatakis, LSD alters dynamic integration and segregation in the human brain, | ||
NeuroImage, Volume 227, 2021, 117653, ISSN 1053-8119, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117653</nowiki>. | NeuroImage, Volume 227, 2021, 117653, ISSN 1053-8119, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117653</nowiki>. | ||
(<nowiki>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811920311381</nowiki>)</ref>. There is some evidence to suggest the experience, by default (i.e. without [[priming]]) increases nature relatedness<ref>Lerner M, Lyvers M. Values and beliefs of psychedelic drug users: a cross-cultural study. J Psychoactive Drugs. 2006 Jun;38(2):143-7. doi: 10.1080/02791072.2006.10399838. PMID: 16903453.</ref><ref>Kettner, H.; Gandy, S.; Haijen, E.C.H.M.; Carhart-Harris, R.L. From Egoism to Ecoism: Psychedelics Increase Nature Relatedness in a State-Mediated and Context-Dependent Manner. ''Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health'' 2019, ''16'', 5147. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16245147</nowiki></ref> a | (<nowiki>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811920311381</nowiki>)</ref>. There is some evidence to suggest the experience, by default (i.e. without [[priming]]) increases nature relatedness<ref>Lerner M, Lyvers M. Values and beliefs of psychedelic drug users: a cross-cultural study. J Psychoactive Drugs. 2006 Jun;38(2):143-7. doi: 10.1080/02791072.2006.10399838. PMID: 16903453.</ref><ref>Kettner, H.; Gandy, S.; Haijen, E.C.H.M.; Carhart-Harris, R.L. From Egoism to Ecoism: Psychedelics Increase Nature Relatedness in a State-Mediated and Context-Dependent Manner. ''Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health'' 2019, ''16'', 5147. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16245147</nowiki></ref> a proposed psychological mechanism for this is that they shift egoism to make way for a more natural ecoism<ref>Lyons T, Carhart-Harris RL. Increased nature relatedness and decreased authoritarian political views after psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression. ''Journal of Psychopharmacology''. 2018;32(7):811-819. doi:10.1177/0269881117748902</ref>. | ||
=== Oneirogens === | |||
Whilst not considered a classical psychedelic, oneirogens, are chemicals which can induce PiMs by enhancing dream states. They are unlike psychedelics as they seem to be less potent and work unconsciously. | |||
== Non chemically induced PiMs == | == Non chemically induced PiMs == | ||
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=== Optical Illusions === | === Optical Illusions === | ||
Whilst one of the weakest | Whilst one of the weakest ways to induce of PiMS, optical illusions can provide a gateway for people to start to ask elementary questions about their perceptions. <hr> | ||
'''References''' | '''References''' | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||