Bad science

Figure 1. Hierarchy of Sciences

Very little of science is binary, much of it is grey. The sciences at the top of the hierarchy (see figure 1) such as physics are based on the mechanisms of the universe mathematics, the further down the hierarchy the more complex, multifaceted it becomes.

For instance a mathematical proof of the Higgs Boson is provable by mathematics, whereas in social sciences because their are so many interlaced factors its more difficult to get to the absolute root casuse.