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Depression: Difference between revisions
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=== Cognitive Biases === | === Cognitive Biases === | ||
Two key [[cognitive biases]] contribute to depression. The first is [[Attention Bias|attention bias]], where the mind becomes inadvertently conditioned to focus on negative external factors. The second is [[Negativity Bias|negativity bias]], which involves a tendency to dwell not only on negative aspects of the environment but also on internal negative thoughts, such as past experiences or anxieties about the future. | Two key [[cognitive biases]] contribute to depression. The first is [[Attention Bias|attention bias]], where the mind becomes inadvertently conditioned to focus on negative external factors. The second is [[Negativity Bias|negativity bias]], which involves a tendency to dwell not only on negative aspects of the environment but also on internal negative thoughts, such as past experiences or anxieties about the future. | ||
Attention acts as a filter, determining which information from our internal thoughts and external environment is processed further<ref>Woody, M. L., Rohac, R., Cooper, I., Griffo, A., McDonald, N., Spotts, C., Fournier, J., Jones, N., Peciña, M., Young, K., Shivanekar, S., Rengasamy, M., Grafton, B., & Price, R. B. (2024). '''The Impact of Intravenous Ketamine on Attentional Bias: Probing Mechanisms of Rapid-Acting Antidepressant Effects Across Two Clinical Studies'''. ''Biological Psychiatry''. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.10.024</nowiki></ref>. People with depression often show a tendency to focus more on negative environmental information while ignoring neutral or positive details. This biased attention leads to an imbalanced integration of information across cognitive systems, resulting in predominantly negative memories, interpretations of events, and perceptions of the self, others, and the world. Over time, this creates a self-reinforcing cycle, where the focus on negative information perpetuates depressive thoughts and feelings, sustaining the depressed mood. | |||
=== Treatment === | === Treatment === | ||