Nitrous Oxide

Since the 19th century, nitrous oxide, also referred to as laughing gas, has been used in medicine as an anaesthetic to lessen pain. However, in smaller doses, it can cause mind-altering experiences, similar to those brought on by the psychedelic drugs ketamine and LSD. These effects include feelings of bliss, spirituality, and a sense of being outside of one's body.

Figure 1. Comparative effects of nitrous oxide, ketamine, and LSD on functional connectivity:

Recent clinical studies suggest that nitrous oxide may be effective for treatment-resistant depression.

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