Cognitive Biases: Difference between revisions

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* [[Negativity Bias|'''Negativity Bias''']] - opposite to the above, and one of the fundamental features of clinical [[depression]]. Negativity bias is the psychological phenomenon in which negative information or experiences have a stronger impact on our thoughts, emotions, and behaviors compared to positive ones.

*'''[[Sunk Cost Fallacy]]''' - the ego does not like to be proven wrong in its past investments. This fallacy occurs when a person is reluctant to abandon a strategy or course of action because they have invested heavily in it, even when it is clear that abandonment would be more beneficial. This leads to [[Rosy Retrospection Bias|'''Rosy Retrospection Bias''']] where even when people have failed they overestimate the good aspects of the past.

==== Social Cognitive Biases ====

Social pressure exerts pressure on rational decision making to maintain the status quo causing:

* [[Authority Bias|'''Authority Bias''']] - the tendency to attribute greater accuracy to the opinion of an authority figure and be more influenced by that opinion. Social pressure can cause individuals to align their beliefs with those of an authority figure, even when those beliefs are incorrect.

* '''[[Bandwagon Effect]]''' (aka ''Groupthink'' or ''conformity bias'') - occurs within a group of people, in which the desire for harmony or conformity in the group results in an irrational or dysfunctional decision-making outcome.

==== Energy Frugal Brain Biases ====

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*'''Scarcity Effect''' - makes people more likely to buy something when they think it’s about to run out or be taken away from them.

*'''Appeal to Pity''' - someone accused of a crime using a cane or walker to appear more feeble in front of a jury is one example of appeal to pity.

*'''Bandwagon Fallacy''' - assumes something is true (or right or good) because others agree with it. In other words, the fallacy argues that if everyone thinks a certain way, then you should, too.

*

== Personal Bias Suppression ==

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 * [[Negativity Bias|'''Negativity Bias''']] - opposite to the above, and one of the fundamental features of clinical [[depression]]. Negativity bias is the psychological phenomenon in which negative information or experiences have a stronger impact on our thoughts, emotions, and behaviors compared to positive ones.
 *'''[[Sunk Cost Fallacy]]''' - the ego does not like to be proven wrong in its past investments. This fallacy occurs when a person is reluctant to abandon a strategy or course of action because they have invested heavily in it, even when it is clear that abandonment would be more beneficial. This leads to [[Rosy Retrospection Bias|'''Rosy Retrospection Bias''']] where even when people have failed they overestimate the good aspects of the past.
+==== Social Cognitive Biases ====
+Social pressure exerts pressure on rational decision making to maintain the status quo causing:
+* [[Authority Bias|'''Authority Bias''']] - the tendency to attribute greater accuracy to the opinion of an authority figure and be more influenced by that opinion. Social pressure can cause individuals to align their beliefs with those of an authority figure, even when those beliefs are incorrect.
+* '''[[Bandwagon Effect]]''' (aka ''Groupthink'' or ''conformity bias'') - occurs within a group of people, in which the desire for harmony or conformity in the group results in an irrational or dysfunctional decision-making outcome.
 ==== Energy Frugal Brain Biases ====
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 *'''Scarcity Effect''' - makes people more likely to buy something when they think it’s about to run out or be taken away from them.
 *'''Appeal to Pity''' - someone accused of a crime using a cane or walker to appear more feeble in front of a jury is one example of appeal to pity.
-*'''Bandwagon Fallacy''' - assumes something is true (or right or good) because others agree with it. In other words, the fallacy argues that if everyone thinks a certain way, then you should, too.
 *
 == Personal Bias Suppression ==

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