Setting: Difference between revisions
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Setting refers to a concept created by Timothy Leary<ref>'''Constructing drug effects: A history of set and setting'''. Drug Science, Policy and Law. Ido Hartogsohn First Published January 1, 2017 <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1177/2050324516683325</nowiki></ref> which addresses the physical location as to where the [[pivotal mental state]]<nowiki/>s are experienced. This is opposed to [[priming]] which refers to the pre administration mental state. While the concept of priming and setting was born out of psychedelic research, and though it seems to be of special applicability in that domain, it has also been proven useful for researchers who have studied the effects of various stimulants, depressants, and antipsychotics such as alcohol, heroin, methylphenidate (Ritalin), methamphetamine<ref>Dwyer, R, Moore, D (2013) Enacting multiple methamphetamines: the ontological politics of public discourse and consumer accounts of a drug and its effects. The International Journal on Drug Policy 24(3): 203–211.</ref>, cocaine, and crack cocaine<ref>Zinberg, NE (1984) Drug, Set, and Setting: The Basis for Controlled Intoxicant Use, 1st ed. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.</ref>. | '''Setting refers to a concept created by Timothy Leary<ref>'''Constructing drug effects: A history of set and setting'''. Drug Science, Policy and Law. Ido Hartogsohn First Published January 1, 2017 <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1177/2050324516683325</nowiki></ref> which addresses the physical location as to where the [[pivotal mental state]]<nowiki/>s are experienced.''' This is opposed to [[priming]] which refers to the pre administration mental state. While the concept of priming and setting was born out of psychedelic research, and though it seems to be of special applicability in that domain, it has also been proven useful for researchers who have studied the effects of various stimulants, depressants, and antipsychotics such as alcohol, heroin, methylphenidate (Ritalin), methamphetamine<ref>Dwyer, R, Moore, D (2013) Enacting multiple methamphetamines: the ontological politics of public discourse and consumer accounts of a drug and its effects. The International Journal on Drug Policy 24(3): 203–211.</ref>, cocaine, and crack cocaine<ref>Zinberg, NE (1984) Drug, Set, and Setting: The Basis for Controlled Intoxicant Use, 1st ed. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.</ref>. | ||
== Best Practice setting == | == Best Practice setting == | ||
Revision as of 09:07, 24 September 2022
Setting refers to a concept created by Timothy Leary[1] which addresses the physical location as to where the pivotal mental states are experienced. This is opposed to priming which refers to the pre administration mental state. While the concept of priming and setting was born out of psychedelic research, and though it seems to be of special applicability in that domain, it has also been proven useful for researchers who have studied the effects of various stimulants, depressants, and antipsychotics such as alcohol, heroin, methylphenidate (Ritalin), methamphetamine[2], cocaine, and crack cocaine[3].
Best Practice setting
Individual needs should primarily be addressed, the most researched of which include disability, race[4] and age. More general research has highlighted certain important aspects[5]:
- Music - induces relaxation and stress reduction[6][7] whilst giving a time dependent medium for emotional expression[8].
- Singing - Communal singing elicits oxytocin production a neurohormone enhancing social bonding[9].
- Lighting - most prefer psychedelic sessions at night and would feel it strange to start a ceremony at midday[10].
- Physical attributes of the medicine - size, colour, smell all contribute to the effect[11].
Setting Modulation
Once the basics as above have been covered, it is possible to experiment on an individual basis.
Psychedelic Visualisation Modulators
| Link | Summary | Settings | Interactive |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hop Along | A never ending orbits visualizer. Use keys and mouse to increase speed and angle | Yes | Yes |
| Strobe | Stare at the middle for 30 seconds for to experience an optical illusion | No | No |
| Weavesilk | Generate art | Yes | Yes |
| Balls demo | Colorful balls that follow your mouse (Enable fullscreen for best effect) | Yes | Yes |
| Chromoscope | Explore the Milky Way in various wavelengths | Yes | Yes |
| Particle Dream | Particle visualization with many options | Yes | Yes |
| Cosmic Symbolism | Never ending cosmic zooming experience (click and drag for speed) | No | Yes |
| Draw A 3D Mandala | Draw a mandala with different colors in 3d | Yes | Yes |
| Mr Doob Harmony | Make art by sketching with different materials and colors (many more triptoys at the top of the page) | Yes | Yes |
| Fluids | Colorful physics demonstration of fluid | Yes | Yes |
| Water physics | Physics demonstration. Move around, drag the ball, ripple the water. | Yes | Yes |
| Arkadia | Never ending psychedelic forest | No | No |
| Puddle | Interact with paint-like soundwaves | No | Yes |
| A Way To Go | Draw lines and walk through a forest while creating music | No | Yes |
| Soft Murmur | Create your own mix of background noise | Yes | Yes |
| MyNoise.net | Ambient noise generator with a variety of themes from rain to black holes to busy cafe to kitten purrs. | Yes | No |
References
- ↑ Constructing drug effects: A history of set and setting. Drug Science, Policy and Law. Ido Hartogsohn First Published January 1, 2017 https://doi.org/10.1177/2050324516683325
- ↑ Dwyer, R, Moore, D (2013) Enacting multiple methamphetamines: the ontological politics of public discourse and consumer accounts of a drug and its effects. The International Journal on Drug Policy 24(3): 203–211.
- ↑ Zinberg, NE (1984) Drug, Set, and Setting: The Basis for Controlled Intoxicant Use, 1st ed. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
- ↑ Race as a component of set and setting: How experiences of race can influence psychedelic experiences. Neitzke-Spruill, L. (2020). Journal of Psychedelic Studies, 4(1), 51–60. doi:10.1556/2054.2019.022
- ↑ Effects of Setting on Psychedelic Experiences, Therapies, and Outcomes: A Rapid Scoping Review of the Literature. Chapter in Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences · February 2022 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2021_298
- ↑ Set and Setting: A Randomized Study of Different Musical Genres in Supporting Psychedelic Therapy. ACS Pharmacol. Transl. Sci. 2021, 4, 2, 472–478, Publication Date:December 29, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsptsci.0c00187
- ↑ Music and soulmaking toward a new theory of music therapy. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press. Crowe, B. (2004). de Araujo, D., Ribeiro, S., Cecchi, G. A., Carvalho, F. M., Sanchez, T. A., Pinto, J. P., et al. (2012). Seeing with the eyes shut: neural basis of enhanced imagery following ayahuasca ingestion. Hum. Brain Mapp. 33 (11), 2550–2560. doi:10.1002/hbm.21381
- ↑ “The neuroscience of emotion and music,” in Communicative musicality: exploring the basis of human companionship. Panksepp, J., and Trevarthen, C. (2009). Editors S. Malloch, and C. Trevarthen (Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press, 105–146.
- ↑ What’s missing from the scientific study of religion? Dunbar, R. (2017). Religion, Brain Behav. 7 (4), 349–353. doi:10.1080/2153599X.2016.1249927
- ↑ The Evolved Psychology of Psychedelic Set and Setting: Inferences Regarding the Roles of Shamanism and Entheogenic Ecopsychology. Front. Pharmacol., Published 23 February 2021, Sec. Ethnopharmacology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.619890
- ↑ Set and setting, psychedelics and the placebo response: An extra-pharmacological perspective on psychopharmacology. Ido Hartogsohn, Journal of Psychopharmacology 2016. DOI: 10.1177/0269881116677852.