Neuroplasticity: Difference between revisions

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[[File:Neuroplasticity.png|alt=Neuroplasticity|thumb|'''Figure 1'''. Neuroplasticity Vs Age<ref name=":0" />.]]

'''Neuroplasticity is a capability of the brain ~~taht~~ allows it to adapt by reshaping its connections and default patterns. It is an important evolved feature as it permits the brain to reconfigure its processes in response to unexpected situations.''' ''As we age this ability unfortunately degrades''<ref name=":2">'''Aging-Related Dysfunction of Striatal Cholinergic Interneurons Produces Conflict in Action Selection''', Miriam Matamales, Zala Skrbis, Robert J. Hatch, Bernard W. Balleine. Neuron Journal. Accesed on 7th October 2023 via: <nowiki>https://www.cell.com/neuron/pdf/S0896-6273(16)00185-9.pdf</nowiki></ref>'', however, it has been found that [[psychedelics]] can temporarily reopen ~~the~~ neuroplastic window.''

'''Neuroplasticity is a capability of the brain that allows it to adapt by reshaping its connections and default patterns. It is an important evolved feature as it permits the brain to reconfigure its processes in response to unexpected situations.''' ''As we age this ability unfortunately degrades''<ref name=":2">'''Aging-Related Dysfunction of Striatal Cholinergic Interneurons Produces Conflict in Action Selection''', Miriam Matamales, Zala Skrbis, Robert J. Hatch, Bernard W. Balleine. Neuron Journal. Accesed on 7th October 2023 via: <nowiki>https://www.cell.com/neuron/pdf/S0896-6273(16)00185-9.pdf</nowiki></ref>'', however, it has been found that [[psychedelics]] can temporarily reopen a neuroplastic window enabling change.''

[[File:The Fused Brain.png|alt=The Fused Brain|thumb|'''Figure 2'''. The fused brain<ref name=":1">'''The older adult brain is less modular, more integrated, and less efficient at rest: A systematic review of large-scale resting-state functional brain networks in aging'''. Hamish A. Deery,Robert Di Paolo,Chris Moran,Gary F. Egan,Sharna D. Jamadar First published: 15 September 2022 https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.14159. Accessed on 4th October 2022 via https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/psyp.14159</ref>]]

When young, humans are extremely neuroplastic (see '''Figure 1''') meaning when an experience demands, it doesn't take much effort to change the brains default behaviour. Neuroplasticity declines as we age<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":0">'''Changes in plasticity across the lifespan''': Cause of disease and target for intervention. Publish 10 April 2015, accessed on 3rd March 2022, via https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4392917/. '''[[Changes in plasticity across the lifespan: Cause of disease and target for intervention|''<u>Read an AI summary.</u>'']]'''</ref><ref>'''Molecular aging of the brain, neuroplasticity, and vulnerability to depression and other brain-related disorders.''' Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience. Volume 15, 2013 - Issue 1. Etienne Sibille Pages 53-65 | Published online: 01 Apr 2022. Accessed 19th Jun 2022 via https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.31887/DCNS.2013.15.1/esibille</ref>, leading to a more ''fused'' brain (see '''Figure 2''')<ref name=":1" />. Recent studies have shown neuroplasticity can be temporarily improved by inducing [[Pivotal mental state|pivotal mental states]]'''.'''

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 [[File:Neuroplasticity.png|alt=Neuroplasticity|thumb|'''Figure 1'''. Neuroplasticity Vs Age<ref name=":0" />.]]
-'''Neuroplasticity is a capability of the brain taht allows it to adapt by reshaping its connections and default patterns. It is an important evolved feature as it permits the brain to reconfigure its processes in response to unexpected situations.''' ''As we age this ability unfortunately degrades''<ref name=":2">'''Aging-Related Dysfunction of Striatal Cholinergic Interneurons Produces Conflict in Action Selection''', Miriam Matamales, Zala Skrbis, Robert J. Hatch, Bernard W. Balleine. Neuron Journal. Accesed on 7th October 2023 via: <nowiki>https://www.cell.com/neuron/pdf/S0896-6273(16)00185-9.pdf</nowiki></ref>'', however, it has been found that [[psychedelics]] can temporarily reopen the neuroplastic window.''
+'''Neuroplasticity is a capability of the brain that allows it to adapt by reshaping its connections and default patterns. It is an important evolved feature as it permits the brain to reconfigure its processes in response to unexpected situations.''' ''As we age this ability unfortunately degrades''<ref name=":2">'''Aging-Related Dysfunction of Striatal Cholinergic Interneurons Produces Conflict in Action Selection''', Miriam Matamales, Zala Skrbis, Robert J. Hatch, Bernard W. Balleine. Neuron Journal. Accesed on 7th October 2023 via: <nowiki>https://www.cell.com/neuron/pdf/S0896-6273(16)00185-9.pdf</nowiki></ref>'', however, it has been found that [[psychedelics]] can temporarily reopen a neuroplastic window enabling change.''
 [[File:The Fused Brain.png|alt=The Fused Brain|thumb|'''Figure 2'''. The fused brain<ref name=":1">'''The older adult brain is less modular, more integrated, and less efficient at rest: A systematic review of large-scale resting-state functional brain networks in aging'''. Hamish A. Deery,Robert Di Paolo,Chris Moran,Gary F. Egan,Sharna D. Jamadar First published: 15 September 2022 https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.14159. Accessed on 4th October 2022 via https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/psyp.14159</ref>]]
 When young, humans are extremely neuroplastic (see '''Figure 1''') meaning when an experience demands, it doesn't take much effort to change the brains default behaviour. Neuroplasticity declines as we age<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":0">'''Changes in plasticity across the lifespan''': Cause of disease and target for intervention. Publish 10 April 2015, accessed on 3rd March 2022, via https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4392917/. '''[[Changes in plasticity across the lifespan: Cause of disease and target for intervention|''<u>Read an AI summary.</u>'']]'''</ref><ref>'''Molecular aging of the brain, neuroplasticity, and vulnerability to depression and other brain-related disorders.''' Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience. Volume 15, 2013 - Issue 1. Etienne Sibille Pages 53-65 | Published online: 01 Apr 2022. Accessed 19th Jun 2022 via https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.31887/DCNS.2013.15.1/esibille</ref>, leading to a more ''fused'' brain (see '''Figure 2''')<ref name=":1" />. Recent studies have shown neuroplasticity can be temporarily improved by inducing [[Pivotal mental state|pivotal mental states]]'''.'''

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