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Near Death Experience: Difference between revisions

Near Death Experience: Difference between revisions

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(Created page with " Some evidence suggests that dissociatives such as ketamine<ref>'''Anomalous Psychedelic Experiences''': At the Neurochemical Juncture of the Humanistic and Parapsychological, Volume 62, Issue 2. Accessed on 15th September 2022 via: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0022167820917767</ref><ref>'''The Ketamine Model of the Near-Death Experience''': A Central Role for the N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor. Jansen, K.L.R. Journal of Near-Death Studies 16, 5–26 (199...")
 
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[[File:Near Death Experience and Psychedelics.jpg|alt=Near Death Experience vs Psychedelics|thumb|'''Figure 1'''. Near Death Experience vs Psychedelics]]
'''A near-death experience (NDE) is a profound psychological event that may occur to a person close to death. There are many reported effects experienced during an NDE including transcendental, hallucinogenic and mystical elements which makes them considered a [[Pivotal Mental States|Pivotal Mental State]] and thought to be comparable to the [[Psychedelics|psychedelic]] experience brought on by [[ketamine]] use.''' The after effects of NDEs have been widely documented<ref>'''International Association for Near-Death Studies''' - https://iands.org/</ref> and have been shown to be powerfully life-altering.


Some evidence suggests that dissociatives such as ketamine<ref>'''Anomalous Psychedelic Experiences''': At the Neurochemical Juncture of the Humanistic and Parapsychological, Volume 62, Issue 2. Accessed on 15th September 2022 via: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0022167820917767</ref><ref>'''The Ketamine Model of the Near-Death Experience''': A Central Role for the N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor. Jansen, K.L.R. Journal of Near-Death Studies 16, 5–26 (1997). <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025055109480</nowiki></ref> or classical psychedelics such as DMT can induce this state<ref>'''DMT Models the Near-Death Experience'''. Christopher Timmermann1,2*, Leor Roseman1,2, Luke Williams1, David Erritzoe1, Charlotte Martial3, Héléna Cassol3, Steven Laureys3, David Nutt1 and Robin Carhart-Harris. Front. Psychol., 15 August 2018 | <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01424</nowiki></ref> however historically, a defunct class of drugs called the pseudohallucinogens<ref>Schultes, Richard Evans (1976). Hallucinogenic Plants. illus. Elmer W. Smith. New York: Golden Press. <nowiki>ISBN 0-307-24362-1</nowiki>.</ref> is also thought to bridge this gap by actually causing a near death experience! These compounds consist of a diverse range of chemicals the effects of which broadly are considered poisonous, these include:
=== Near Death Experience Reporting ===
As with our referencing policy as of yet there have been no meta analyses of NDE reports. However, analysing published medical documentation there seems to be a some commonality reported during near-death experiences.
 
* a sense of being outside one’s physical body ([[Out of Body Experiences|Out of Body Experience]]),
* a sense of movement through darkness or a tunnel
* a sense of oneness and interconnectedness
* experiencing a great light or darkness;
* perceiving a spiritual realm, which may include vividly memorable landscapes;
* encounters with deceased loved ones, spiritual beings and/or religious figures;
* knowledge of the nature of the universe
* a life review
* a border of no return;
* a sense of having knowledge of the future;
* messages regarding life’s purpose.
 
=== Near Death Experiences and Psychedelics ===
There is a growing amount of evidence that suggests that dissociatives such as [[ketamine]]<ref>'''Anomalous Psychedelic Experiences''': At the Neurochemical Juncture of the Humanistic and Parapsychological, Volume 62, Issue 2. Accessed on 15th September 2022 via: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0022167820917767</ref><ref>'''The Ketamine Model of the Near-Death Experience''': A Central Role for the N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor. Jansen, K.L.R. Journal of Near-Death Studies 16, 5–26 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025055109480. Accessed on 19 Jul 2023 via https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1025055109480</ref> or classical [[psychedelics]]<ref>'''Within-subject comparison of near-death and psychedelic experiences: acute and enduring effects.''' Charlotte Martial, Robin Carhart-Harris , Christopher Timmermann. Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium. Published August 2024</ref> such as [[DMT]]<ref>'''DMT Models the Near-Death Experience'''. Christopher Timmermann1,2*, Leor Roseman1,2, Luke Williams1, David Erritzoe1, Charlotte Martial3, Héléna Cassol3, Steven Laureys3, David Nutt1 and Robin Carhart-Harris. Front. Psychol., 15 August 2018 | <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01424</nowiki></ref> or [[5-MeO-DMT|5MeO-DMT]]<ref>'''This is your brain on death: a comparative analysis of a near-death experience and subsequent 5-Methoxy-DMT experience.''' Pascal Michael, David Luke and Oliver Robinson Front. Psychol., 29 June 2023 Sec. Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology Volume 14 - 2023 | <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1083361</nowiki>. Accessed on 19 Jul 2023 via https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1083361/full</ref> can induce a state similar to NDEs however, historically, a defunct class of drugs called the pseudohallucinogens<ref>'''Hallucinogenic Plants.''' Schultes, Richard Evans (1976). illus. Elmer W. Smith. New York: Golden Press. <nowiki>ISBN 0-307-24362-1</nowiki>.</ref> is also thought to bridge this gap by <u>actually</u> causing a near death experience! These compounds consist of a diverse range of chemicals the effects of which broadly are considered poisonous, these include:
*Nutmeg / mace
*Nutmeg / mace
*''Wisteria sinenis''
*''Wisteria sinenis''
'''References'''<references />

Latest revision as of 23:31, 25 August 2024

Near Death Experience vs Psychedelics
Figure 1. Near Death Experience vs Psychedelics

A near-death experience (NDE) is a profound psychological event that may occur to a person close to death. There are many reported effects experienced during an NDE including transcendental, hallucinogenic and mystical elements which makes them considered a Pivotal Mental State and thought to be comparable to the psychedelic experience brought on by ketamine use. The after effects of NDEs have been widely documented[1] and have been shown to be powerfully life-altering.

Near Death Experience Reporting

As with our referencing policy as of yet there have been no meta analyses of NDE reports. However, analysing published medical documentation there seems to be a some commonality reported during near-death experiences.

  • a sense of being outside one’s physical body (Out of Body Experience),
  • a sense of movement through darkness or a tunnel
  • a sense of oneness and interconnectedness
  • experiencing a great light or darkness;
  • perceiving a spiritual realm, which may include vividly memorable landscapes;
  • encounters with deceased loved ones, spiritual beings and/or religious figures;
  • knowledge of the nature of the universe
  • a life review
  • a border of no return;
  • a sense of having knowledge of the future;
  • messages regarding life’s purpose.

Near Death Experiences and Psychedelics

There is a growing amount of evidence that suggests that dissociatives such as ketamine[2][3] or classical psychedelics[4] such as DMT[5] or 5MeO-DMT[6] can induce a state similar to NDEs however, historically, a defunct class of drugs called the pseudohallucinogens[7] is also thought to bridge this gap by actually causing a near death experience! These compounds consist of a diverse range of chemicals the effects of which broadly are considered poisonous, these include:

  • Nutmeg / mace
  • Wisteria sinenis

References

  1. ↑ International Association for Near-Death Studies - https://iands.org/
  2. ↑ Anomalous Psychedelic Experiences: At the Neurochemical Juncture of the Humanistic and Parapsychological, Volume 62, Issue 2. Accessed on 15th September 2022 via: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0022167820917767
  3. ↑ The Ketamine Model of the Near-Death Experience: A Central Role for the N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor. Jansen, K.L.R. Journal of Near-Death Studies 16, 5–26 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025055109480. Accessed on 19 Jul 2023 via https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1025055109480
  4. ↑ Within-subject comparison of near-death and psychedelic experiences: acute and enduring effects. Charlotte Martial, Robin Carhart-Harris , Christopher Timmermann. Coma Science Group, GIGA-Consciousness, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium. Published August 2024
  5. ↑ DMT Models the Near-Death Experience. Christopher Timmermann1,2*, Leor Roseman1,2, Luke Williams1, David Erritzoe1, Charlotte Martial3, Héléna Cassol3, Steven Laureys3, David Nutt1 and Robin Carhart-Harris. Front. Psychol., 15 August 2018 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01424
  6. ↑ This is your brain on death: a comparative analysis of a near-death experience and subsequent 5-Methoxy-DMT experience. Pascal Michael, David Luke and Oliver Robinson Front. Psychol., 29 June 2023 Sec. Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology Volume 14 - 2023 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1083361. Accessed on 19 Jul 2023 via https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1083361/full
  7. ↑ Hallucinogenic Plants. Schultes, Richard Evans (1976). illus. Elmer W. Smith. New York: Golden Press. ISBN 0-307-24362-1.
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