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[[File:Phylogenetic.png|frameless|300x300px|The tree of life.|alt=Phylogenetic Tree|border|right]]'''We are all a lot more closely related than you think.''' Historically the traditional way to view how life developed on earth has been via something called a Phylogenetic Tree (see image to the right). The tree shows various '''steps''' of classification, illustrating how all life once was one thing and charts in '''steps''' how then we evolved into other things. At its most basic, this process can be seen to the right. Every proceeding step is another level of complexity.
[[File:Phylogenetic.png|332x332px|'''Figure 1'''. The traditional stepped view of the ''tree of life''.|alt=Phylogenetic Tree|thumb]]'''''You might be surprised to learn how closely we are all related.'''''  


But clever monkeys then ask "''where did the '''root''' come from?''". It is thought that life started from simple inorganic molecules, which interacted to make other molecules which could replicate themselves. After this it was just a matter of millions of years (''a blink of an eye in earth's history'') before more complicated ''organic'' replicants came to being.
Historically, the development of life has always been portrayed in distinct, stepped stages. Life starts at the ''Root ('''Figure 1''')'' and through time, evolution irons out the kinks, ultimately making us (A, B, C, D and E), the most complex forms of life on the planet. But this leaves an important question, ''where did the '''Root''' come from?''  


[[File:Inorganic life.jpg|center|frameless|700x700px|alt=Biomolecular pathway|Biomolecular pathway]]Once the earliest life was created it took another 3.5 billion years for it to make us. Whilst the stepped classification is useful as it gives specific delineation for scientific study, in fact the process is much more fluid. Similar to the roots of a tree branching out, although many stems are produced it is still the same ''macro'' organism.[[File:Roots.jpg|center|600x600px]]
Life is thought to have started from simple inorganic molecules ('''See big image below''') <ref>'''Evidence for early life in Earth's oldest hydrothermal vent precipitates.''' Dodd, Matthew S.; Papineau, Dominic; Grenne, Tor; Slack, John F.; Rittner, Martin; Pirajno, Franco; O'Neil, Jonathan; Little, Crispin T.S. (1 March 2017). . ''Nature''. '''543''' (7643): 60–64. Bibcode:2017Natur.543...60D. doi:10.1038/nature21377. <nowiki>PMID 28252057</nowiki>. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017. Retrieved 2 March 2017 via https://www.nature.com/articles/nature21377?source=post_page---------------------------.</ref><ref>'''Crucial steps to life: From chemical reactions to code using agents'''. ''BioSystems''. '''140''': 49–57. Witzany, Guenther (2016). doi:10.1016/j.biosystems.2015.12.007. <nowiki>PMID 26723230</nowiki>. Accessed via: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0303264715002063</ref> and evolved into increasing complexity. Initially, smaller particles simply bumped into each other to make larger more complex molecules. As more complex molecule developed at some point they gained the ability to replicate themselves these are called the first ''replicants''.
 
These self-replicating units were the first entity on earth which could replicate itself using a type of source code called DNA. However, even though the replication mechanisms were near perfect, every billion replications an error occurred, which in turn, made a new form of replicant. This process then repeated a zillion times over [[Long collective history|billion years]] until...us.
 
<div class="res-img">[[File:Inorganic life.jpg|alt=Biomolecular pathway|center|Figure 1. Poop]]
 
This process is called abiogenesis. Whilst the traditional stepped classification (see '''Figure 1''') is useful to scientists, as it makes digestible chunks to interpret, in the real world the process is much more fluid<ref>'''Taxonomic boundary paradox''' as described by: Taxonomy versus evolution: János  Podani Department of Plant Taxonomy and Ecology, Biological Institute, Eötvös University, Pázmány P. s. 1/c, 1117 Budapest, Hungary. TA XON 58 (4) • Published November 2009:  1049–1053. Accessed on 3 July 2022 via: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/tax.584001 </ref> more like the roots of a tree branching out (see '''Figure 2'''). The key takeaway is that although many branches are produced it is still the same ''superorganism'', as shown below.
[[File:Step to flow.png|alt=Step to flow|center|700x700px|thumb|'''Figure 2'''. The superorganism.]]
 
'''''We are all more closely related than you think'', as all life, in short, is DNA travelling through time!'''
 
[[Main Page|'''<<<Back to front page.''']]
 
<hr/>'''Further reading'''
 
* '''The Selfish Gene''' - Dawkins, Richard, 1941. Oxford ; New York :Oxford University Press, 1989. ISBN: 978-0198788607<hr />
=== References ===
<references />

Latest revision as of 22:47, 13 November 2023

Phylogenetic Tree
Figure 1. The traditional stepped view of the tree of life.

You might be surprised to learn how closely we are all related.

Historically, the development of life has always been portrayed in distinct, stepped stages. Life starts at the Root (Figure 1) and through time, evolution irons out the kinks, ultimately making us (A, B, C, D and E), the most complex forms of life on the planet. But this leaves an important question, where did the Root come from?

Life is thought to have started from simple inorganic molecules (See big image below) [1][2] and evolved into increasing complexity. Initially, smaller particles simply bumped into each other to make larger more complex molecules. As more complex molecule developed at some point they gained the ability to replicate themselves these are called the first replicants.

These self-replicating units were the first entity on earth which could replicate itself using a type of source code called DNA. However, even though the replication mechanisms were near perfect, every billion replications an error occurred, which in turn, made a new form of replicant. This process then repeated a zillion times over billion years until...us.

Biomolecular pathway

This process is called abiogenesis. Whilst the traditional stepped classification (see Figure 1) is useful to scientists, as it makes digestible chunks to interpret, in the real world the process is much more fluid[3] more like the roots of a tree branching out (see Figure 2). The key takeaway is that although many branches are produced it is still the same superorganism, as shown below.

Step to flow
Figure 2. The superorganism.

We are all more closely related than you think, as all life, in short, is DNA travelling through time!

<<<Back to front page.

Further reading
  • The Selfish Gene - Dawkins, Richard, 1941. Oxford ; New York :Oxford University Press, 1989. ISBN: 978-0198788607

References

  1. ↑ Evidence for early life in Earth's oldest hydrothermal vent precipitates. Dodd, Matthew S.; Papineau, Dominic; Grenne, Tor; Slack, John F.; Rittner, Martin; Pirajno, Franco; O'Neil, Jonathan; Little, Crispin T.S. (1 March 2017). . Nature. 543 (7643): 60–64. Bibcode:2017Natur.543...60D. doi:10.1038/nature21377. PMID 28252057. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017. Retrieved 2 March 2017 via https://www.nature.com/articles/nature21377?source=post_page---------------------------.
  2. ↑ Crucial steps to life: From chemical reactions to code using agents. BioSystems. 140: 49–57. Witzany, Guenther (2016). doi:10.1016/j.biosystems.2015.12.007. PMID 26723230. Accessed via: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0303264715002063
  3. ↑ Taxonomic boundary paradox as described by: Taxonomy versus evolution: János  Podani Department of Plant Taxonomy and Ecology, Biological Institute, Eötvös University, Pázmány P. s. 1/c, 1117 Budapest, Hungary. TA XON 58 (4) • Published November 2009:  1049–1053. Accessed on 3 July 2022 via: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/tax.584001
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