Cognitive biases: Difference between revisions
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#'''Scarcity effect''' - makes people more likely to buy something when they think it’s about to run out or be taken away from them. | #'''Scarcity effect''' - makes people more likely to buy something when they think it’s about to run out or be taken away from them. | ||
#'''Thought paradoxes''' - [[Allais' Paradox]]. | #'''Thought paradoxes''' - [[Allais' Paradox]]. | ||
== Personal Bias Suppression == | == Personal Bias Suppression == | ||
Revision as of 08:39, 16 June 2022
A cognitive bias is a systematic error in thinking that occurs when people are processing and interpreting information in the world around them. They are predictable patterns of thought and behaviour leading to incorrect conclusions.
Cognitive biases persist in society as they are self-reinforcing by a combination of the Dunning Kruger effect and the Confirmation Bias. Below is a list of the most prevalent cognitive biases in society ranked on their importance:
- Optimism bias - a computer cannot tell you whether it will rain or not, only the probability of it occurring.
- Additive Bias - we may be biased toward adding more things—more resources, more rules, more habits and responsibilities—rather than the opposite.
- Availability Heuristic[1] - people tend to use the ease with which they can think of examples when making decisions.
- Anchoring Effect - the common human tendency to rely too heavily on the first piece of information offered (the “anchor”) when making decisions.
- Hindsight Bias - the tendency to think that an event was more obvious or predictable than it really was.
- Sunk Cost Fallacy - whereby a person is reluctant to abandon a strategy or course of action because they have invested heavily in it, even when it is clear that abandonment would be more beneficial.
- Halo Effect - people assume a person or thing is good in every way because of one good characteristic.
- Scarcity effect - makes people more likely to buy something when they think it’s about to run out or be taken away from them.
- Thought paradoxes - Allais' Paradox.
Personal Bias Suppression
Analyzing one's beliefs, preferences, or associations while experiencing personal bias suppression can lead to new perspectives that would take years of in depth psychoanalysis. The suppression of this innate tendency often induces the realization that certain aspects of a person's personality, world view and culture are not reflective of objective truths about reality, but are in fact subjective or even delusional opinions.[2] This realization often leads to or accompanies deep states of insight and critical introspection which can create significant alterations in a person's perspective that last anywhere from days, weeks, months, or even years after the experience itself. Personal bias suppression is one of the hallmark effects of using psychedelics.
References
- ↑ https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/11468377-thinking-fast-and-slow
- ↑ Horváth, Lajos; Szummer, Csaba; Szabo, Attila (2017). "Weak phantasy and visionary phantasy: the phenomenological significance of altered states of consciousness". Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences. 17 (1): 117–129. doi:10.1007/s11097-016-9497-4. ISSN 1568-7759.