Dunning Kruger effect

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Hawkings quote
False confidence is a dangerous thing.

Dunning-Kruger effect, in psychology, is a cognitive bias whereby people with limited knowledge overestimate their own competence relative to the performance of their peers or of people in general[1].

This effect has been found to be more pronounced in men[2] and in people with strong negative attitudes to science[3]. Looking at the fact that America's 500 highest-grossing companies, translates to around 85 percent male[4] and compounding this with reduced neuroplasticity of the main CEO age group and a higher representation of psychopathy traits in CEOs, there may be a compound negative feedback loop in the selection of our leaders.

References

  1. Unskilled and Unaware of It: How Difficulties in Recognizing One's Own Incompetence Lead to Inflated Self-Assessments. Kruger, Justin & Dunning, David. (2000). Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 77. 1121-34. 10.1037//0022-3514.77.6.1121. Accessed on 25 January 2023 via https://www.researchgate.net/publication/12688660_Unskilled_and_Unaware_of_It_How_Difficulties_in_Recognizing_One's_Own_Incompetence_Lead_to_Inflated_Self-Assessments
  2. Gender Differences in Self-Estimated Intelligence: Exploring the Male Hubris, Female Humility Problem. Front. Psychology 07 February 2022 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.812483
  3. People with more extreme attitudes towards science have self-confidence in their understanding of science, even if this is not justified. Cristina Fonseca, Jonathan Pettitt, Alison Woollard, Adam Rutherford, Wendy Bickmore. PLOS Biology. Published: January 24, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001915
  4. Fortune 500, 2021: https://fortune.com/2021/06/02/female-ceos-fortune-500-2021-women-ceo-list-roz-brewer-walgreens-karen-lynch-cvs-thasunda-brown-duckett-tiaa/

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